Knurling



June 22 1926. 1,589,595

HHHHHHHHH CK KKKKKK NG June 22 1926.

R. HTcHcocK KNURLING 2 Sheets-Shee'rI 2 Filed Nov. 5, 1925 FEUBENHI .FEE-.11.

Hein Patenited `lime 22, 1926.

UNITED STATESl `PA'iI-'ENT OFFICE BEUBEN HITCHCOCK, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE GLEVELAND FOLD ING I MACHINE COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

KNURLING.

Application filcd lNovember My invention relates to improvementsl in knurling and knurled rolls such as are employed m paper-handling machines; the object of my invention being tle more rapd and efiicient production of rolls of this type, or of allied articles, which will render bet- 'ter and longer service tlan those of the prior art.

Previously it has been considered necessary to maintain the acute knurled edges or lands upon such rolls as sharp as is practicable to insure the most efiicient handling aper stock. Moreover, these knurled landis, as fabricated, invariably were found tobe of un ual height upon opposite sides of a longitu inal depression or cup, so tlat only 'one of each pair, when slightly dressed to bring the roll to approximately a uniform diameter, contributed to the effective or operatve face of the roll. These sharp edges scored or marked the paper as it was passed between such paired rolls, while the wearing qualities of the knurled rolls were far from satisfactory. i fi I may explain that the land of the knurled rolls, or of other articles, are minute longitudinal fins or edges irregular in continuity and acute as to cross section, that are produced on either side of the entering teeth of the knurls during their spiral travel longitudinally :of the work or blank roll. These are separated by a relatively shallow longitudinal cup or depression.

Accordingly, it has been my endeavor to discover a method for successfully producing a knurled roll .with the lands sufiiciently elevated to permit of dressing or grinding both of them, while retaining a suiiiciently deep cup or depression therebetween to insure an effective operating face for the roll and one that will stand up under continueduse.

The features of 'my improvement may best be explained in connection with the laccompanying drawings illustrating means lVVaS 3, 1923. Serial No. 672,691.

Fig. 3 is a greatl enlar ed fra menta i section of a roll miylled ingthe us'al maii31 ner,

Fig. 4 is a similar View illustrating a fragm'ent ofthe operative face of the roll fabricated in accordance with my inventon,

Fig. 5 is another greatly enlarged fragnentary section, somewhat diagrammatic in character, illustrating two co-acting rolls of the art with a sheet of paper engaged thereby,

Fig. 6 is a similar View of two co-acting rolls made in accordance with my instant improvements,

Fig. -7 is `'^'`-transverse fragmentary section on line 7--7, Fig. 3, illustrating the partially dressed and undressed lands,

Fig.` 8 is another transverse section on line 8-8, Fig. 4, illustrating the completely dressed lan Fig. 9 is a plan view of a lathe broken away at its ends, wherein my improved method may advantageously be practiced,

Fig. 10 is a side elevation thereof also broken away,

Fig. 11 is a transyerse section on line l1--11, Fig. 9, and

Fig. 12 is an enlarged cross sectional view of the knurls and knurled roll on line 12 12, Fig. 10. I

Throughout the several figures of said drawings I haveemployed the same character of reference to indicate similar parts or members.

Knurled rolls for paper-handling machines are well known in the art, comprising the longitudinally knurled and dressed sectionsa spaced slightly apart by the terminal bands b of hardened steel and from .00025 to .0005" larger diameter than the operative portions a of said rolls. It will be understood that the spacing shown is exaggerated only for the purpose of illustration, since it would be inoperative for handling paper.

These rolls, as previously fabricated'in 4 the art, have comprised lands c, c' of matenal inequality in height, separated byv the longitudinal cup or depresison c".

tain the lands as sharp or acute as possible, while it is essential that the cup or depression shall remain of appreciable depth. Accordingly, the more velevated lands c alone `l1015 deemed practically necessary to main-* were ground or dressed. to complete the eperative face of the roll; their appearance as greatly magnified' being shown in F1g. 7, thus presenting slight irregularity of lne as compared with the jagged hne of the shorter land thrown up by the knurls.

It will be a reciated that while the lands o of these regis presented relatively sharp edges throu'hout for contacting wth and advancing t e paper, their wearing qualities were not satisfactory, while these sharp and slightly irretgular edges were found to score or mark e pa r or sgnaturesas they were passed there tween. The action of such opposing paired rolls of the pror art upon an interposed sheet of aper d s typically shown in Fig. 5 with t e'hgher sets of lands c alone in contact wth the paper. Thus the wear was confined to one set of lands only.

Having these considerations and disadvantages in mind it was my object so to improve the method of fabricating such rolls, or similar articles, and to improve the rolls themselves, that their wearing qualities, action and efliciency ht be materially augmented. To this en, I have perfected a method or methods of producing rolls with lands more nearly equal in height and much more ra idly than were the rolls as previously urled. One mode of improving the knurlin in this respect is to interspace the lands wth relatively deeper and wider cups. Thus, upon referring to Fgs.4, 6 and 8, it will be noted that the landse, e' are more-nearly equal in height, whle the intervening longitudinal depressions or cups d are more accentuated than were obtained in the prior art.

` Moreover, I have found that by knurhn with a lurality of knurls of shghtly d1 ferent 'ameters, the knurl with the least diameter leading or preceding in the operation, the fabrication of my improved rolls may be efected approximately n one-third the time required in following the accepted practice employing commonly merely two opposing knurls. Thus the knurl of larger diameter, tracking the slightly smaller knurl in advance thereof, will bite deeper into the work and more rapidly, while facilitating the fabrication of lands more nearly equal in height, as previously explained.

Referrng now tol Figs. 9 to 12, the work or roll f is shown positoned in a lathe having the usual travelling support g actuated by the screw g' for affecting its travel longitudinally of the lathe bed h. Two sets of opposing knurls i, i' and j, j' are'shown in operative position upon said support and in engagement with the work or roll; having been advanced approximately one-half the length of the roll n their spiral course along its o rative face. The usual knurled member is provided at the extreme right of the roll for effecting the alinement or register .of the opposing sets of knurls previous to their en agement with the work f. The travel o t e support and co-acting knurls is toward the left as indicated by the arrow, and theroll, under high magnification, will appear approximately as shown in Fi 4 with the lands acutely pointed inv acco' ance with the dotted lines. This mode of knurling permits the lands to be dressed or ground, as shown, so that they present straight edges, respectively, and the roll may be made of uniform diameter .throughout its operative face.

In Fig. 12 I have illustrated, although in exaggerated form, of course, the provision of two opposing paired knurls, i, i', and j, j';.

the pair in advance being of less diameter, say .005 as compared with the following pair. This arrangement materially improves the fabrication of the rolls and shortens the time required by one-half to two-thirds over the prior practice. I I

Comparing t e showing of Figs. 5 and 6 to illustrate the action of the paired rolls of the prior art and of my present im rovement, respectivel it is seen that me y the relatively high s arp lands c, c of each pair of rolls actually engage the sheet of pa er d, which commonly s scored or mar ed thereby. On the other hand, double the number of lands e, e' are in engagement with the sheet of paper d in Fig. 6, which illustrates the blunted ground lands of the paired rolls constructed in accordance with my invention. These do not score or mark the paper and are even more effective in their operation in paper-handlin g mechanism than were the sharp paired ro of the prior art. It is further to be observed that the theoretical Positioning of the opposing lands signature than is obtainable with the arrangement of rollsin Fig. 5, while the wear vupon the operative faces of the rolls is much more advantageously distributed ,in the knurled rolls of the instant improvement.

Having now described the preferred method for practicing my invention and for producing the new and novel article of manufacture above described, I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, together with such modifications as may be made by those ordinarily skilled in the art, the following:

1. The herein described method of knurling, which consists in subjecting the work to the action of a rotatable knurl, mounting a second knurl to rotate co-axially with the first knurl and causing said second knurl to deepen the impression madeby the first mul upon the work, substantially as set ort 2. The herein described method Aof knurling, Which consists in subjecting the work to the action of a plurality of knurls in succession and of varying diameters mounting the snccessive knurls to rotate co-axially and causing the knurl of greater diameter to deepen the impressions made by the smaller knurl, substanti'ally as set forth.

3. The herein described method of knurling, Which consists in subjecting the Work to the action of a plurality of opposing sets of leading and following knurls, mounting the following knurls to rotate co-axially with the leading knurls and causing said following knurls to deepen the impressions made by the leading knnrls, substantially as set forth. p

4. The herein described method of knurling rolls, which consists in subjecting the Work or blank roll to the action of paired opposing knnrls and to the 'action of paired opposing Imurls positioned to bite more deeply into the work than are the first pair of knurls, substantially as set forth. 5. The herein described method of knurling, which consists in subjecting the work to the action of opposing paired knurls and to a second s et of opposing paired knurls in closer proximity than are the first set with respect to their operative faces, substanti-ally as set forth.

6. The herein described method of knurling, which consists in partially knurling the Work with onev set of knurls, mounting a second set of knurls of larger diameter to.

rotate co-axially With'the first set of knurls and causing said second set of' knurls to deepen the impressionsm'ade by the first set of knurls, substantially as set forth.

In testimonyr whereof I do now afiix my signature.

REUBEN HrToHcooK. 

